What are the four types of axles? TND Axle will tell you!
Publish Time: 2025-01-21
What are the four types of axles?Common axles can be mainly divided into four types: drive axles, steering axles, steering drive axles and support axles.1. Drive axlesThe drive axle is generally composed of a reducer, a differential, a half shaft and a bridge housing. It is generally installed at the end of the transmission system. It can change the speed and torque from the transmission and transmit it to the drive wheel to drive the vehicle.Common drive axles can be divided into three categories: central single-stage reduction drive axles, central double-stage reduction drive axles, and central single-stage wheel-side reduction drive axles. Among them, the central single-stage reduction drive axle is the simplest type of drive axle structure and is widely used in heavy trucks; the central double-stage reduction drive axle is a model derived when the speed ratio of the single-stage axle exceeds a certain value or the total traction mass is large; the wheel-side reduction drive axle is more widely used in off-road vehicles and military vehicles such as oil fields, construction sites, and mines.2. Steering axleAs the name implies, the steering axle refers to the axle that undertakes the steering task. It is usually located at the front of the vehicle. In addition to carrying the vertical load of the vehicle, it also bears the longitudinal force and lateral force and the torque caused by it. The working principle of the steering axle is mainly to use the steering knuckle in the axle to deflect the wheels at both ends at a certain angle to achieve the steering of the vehicle.3. Steering drive axleThe so-called steering drive axle refers to the axle that undertakes both steering tasks and power transmission tasks. For example, the front axle of front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive vehicles is a typical steering drive axle. Structurally, the steering drive axle has the main reducer, differential and half-axle of the general drive axle, and also has the steering knuckle and kingpin of the steering axle.4. Support axleThe support axle is also called the driven axle, which is generally installed on the rear wheel of the vehicle. For example, the common trailer axle belongs to the driven axle. It does not need to transmit vehicle power or bear the steering function. Its main task is to bear the weight of the vehicle body. Secondly, it can also relieve road bumps, ensure vehicle braking, and maintain vehicle driving.
Trailer axle assembly disassembly diagram and nameGenerally speaking, trailer axles can be decomposed into several parts, including axle assembly, camshaft assembly, brake assembly, shaft end assembly and other parts.① The axle assembly includes axle beam, brake base plate, spherical bearing seat, air chamber seat, ABS support seat, etc.;② The camshaft assembly includes camshaft, gasket, bushing, spherical bearing seal ring, shaft retaining ring, etc.;③ The brake assembly includes brake pads, rollers, tension springs, return springs, fixed pins, etc.;④ The shaft end assembly includes brake drum, wheel hub, bearing ABS gear ring, oil seal, dust cover, wheel hub cover, etc.;⑤ Other parts such as stop washers, shaft head nuts, adjustment arms, cotter pins, ABS sensors, etc.Precautions for maintenance-free axles:1. Check the axle fasteners before departure to see if they are loose;2. Check whether the hub cover is damaged or leaking;3. Regularly observe whether the gear oil in the hub is above the normal level and whether it is contaminated. Generally, the lubricating oil is dark in color. If it is white or milky, it indicates that the lubricating oil is contaminated;4. Every 12 months or 100,000 kilometers, lift the wheel to check whether there is any abnormal sound during rotation and whether the bearing is shaking;5. Every 12 months or 100,000 kilometers, open the oil filling hole and insert a magnet probe into the lubricating oil to check whether there are impurities such as iron filings.In addition, car owners also need to note that the maintenance mileage given by the axle manufacturer is evaluated according to general operating conditions. If the actual operating conditions of the vehicle are relatively poor, its maintenance mileage also needs to be shortened accordingly. For example, the maintenance of the axle needs to be advanced in the following cases:1. When the vehicle is overloaded, the wheel hub bearings and other loads need to bear a greater load, and the heat generated is higher than the standard load transportation. The maintenance cycle of this type of vehicle must be shortened and cannot be carried out according to the official standards;2. The vehicle is often driven under harsh working conditions. Dust, rain, snow melting agent, mud and sand often cover the vehicle chassis, which may enter the lubricating oil through the vents, causing the lubricating oil to deteriorate. In this case, it is also necessary to replace it before the official maintenance cycle;3. When the vehicle is used under obvious climate change, such as long-distance transportation from east to west and north to south, the lubrication system is also prone to failure under the climate change of hot and cold weather, which requires extra attention from the owner.As the saying goes, a vehicle is "30% repair and 70% maintenance", and the same is true for axles. Only by doing a good job of daily maintenance and care can we fully guarantee that its technical performance strictly meets the standards, prevent failures, and extend the service life. In addition, it is also important to choose a brand with reliable quality. For example, TND Axle is specially tailored for trailers. It has been focusing on the research and development and production of trailer axles for more than 16 years. Its quality and service have stood the test of time and won the trust of many customers. Special-sized trailer axles can provide customized services. Customers with needs are welcome to contact us for consultation.
